Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs are commonly used to manage the pain and inflammation swelling and redness associated with some types of arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis and other musculoskeletal disorders. NSAIDs are also used to treat non-inflammatory conditions such as migraine , period pain and postoperative pain, and to reduce fever. It can be used in low doses to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke in high-risk patients. Prostaglandins are hormone-like chemicals in the body that contribute to inflammation, pain and fever by raising temperature and dilating blood vessels, which causes redness and swelling in the place they are released.
By reducing production of prostaglandins, NSAIDs help relieve the discomfort of fever and reduce inflammation and the associated pain. While NSAIDs are effective in relieving pain, fever and inflammation, they can cause unwanted side effects.
Gastrointestinal side effects such as indigestion , stomach upset including nausea or feeling sick or stomach pain are commonly caused by NSAIDs. Use of NSAIDs can also cause ulcers and bleeding in the stomach and other parts of the gastrointestinal tract gut.
NSAIDs with the exception of low-dose aspirin may also increase the risk of heart attack and stroke, even in healthy people. In general, using NSAIDs occasionally rather than every day, and at the lowest dose possible, reduces your chances of developing serious side effects. Take paracetamol for mild to moderate pain and fever before a NSAID as it has fewer adverse effects, unless you have been advised otherwise by your health professional. A topical NSAID cream, gel or ointment may provide enough relief from muscle and joint pain and inflammation, or relieve discomfort caused by strains or sprains.
While NSAIDs can potentially cause many side effects — some of which may be serious or life-threatening — if prescribed under the right conditions and used as instructed, they can be of great benefit. Risk factors include:. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any of the risk factors above before buying or taking an NSAID.
Alcohol can irritate the stomach lining. Overuse of antibiotics can begin to cause antibiotic-resistant forms of bacteria to arise, such as some strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA. Painkillers are a type of medication which is used to relieve pain for people. These medications work by decreasing the production of prostaglandins in the human body which are what signals us to feel physical pain when we are sick.
By reducing the production of prostaglandins, they, therefore, decrease the amount of pain felt by the person taking the painkiller. The action of these painkillers by reducing the production of prostaglandins can also often be effective at reducing the amount of inflammation. Antibiotics and painkillers both work to help relieve a person during an infection, but they both work through different actions to do so and to help relieve the person of that infection.
Inflamed areas are responses to damage, while bacteria cause damage. Anti-inflammatory drugs are those that settle an inflammation, which is an area of red, raised,rash-like, often sore tissue. An inflammation is actually the body trying to heal an area by inflaming the tissue around it to protect it, so you should be quite certain that a particular inflammation is doing more harm than good before you take anti-inflammatory medicine.
Antibacterial drugs are those that specifically target bacterial pathogens. Antibiotics are antibacterial and work by breaking down the cell membrane and effectively bursting the bacteria. With no real structure or protection, the bacterium dies very quickly.
Inflammation is not the same as infection. Our experiment that was performed last year came to a conclusion that NSAIDs, notably: Aspirin, Ibuprofen and Diclofenac could inhibit the growth of some microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.
These results, although performed in vitro were promising especially with the growing rate of bacterial resistance towards antimicrobial agents. Samples were taken from the oral cavity of patients with liver diseases. Cultures were made of the samples taken and they were inoculated onto an agar plate. The experiment was done twice to get accurate results. Results: The analysis of the obtained results shows that in group 1 antibiotics was the highest inhibition Conclusion: From the obtained results we can conclude that a mixture of NSAIDs and antibiotics does not improve antibacterial effect of antibiotics.
Special attention should be paid while administering NSAIDs to patients who are on antibiotic therapy since the combination of these two groups of drugs lower the antimicrobial effect.
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